Method of making containers



March 2 1926. 1,574,973

G. HORVATH v METHOD OF MAKING CONTAINERS Filed Nov. 23, 1922 2- Sheets-Sheet 1 Suva/Mow j ajozdw March 2 1926. 1,574,973

G. HORVATH METHOD OF MAKING CONTAINERS Filed Nov. 23, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 & 2Z3 5 5 n Patented Mar. 2, 19 26.

UNITED STATES PATENTYOFFICEQ GEZA HORYATH, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

METHOD OF MAKING CONTAINERS.

Application filed November 23, 1922. Serial No. 602,714.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known'that I,-. GEzA HoRv x'rH, a citizen of the United States of America, re-

sidin at Detroit, in the county of "Wayne' and gtate of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Making Containers, of which .the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawm s. v

Ihis invention relates to a method of making containers and 'more particularly milk cans or. receptacles composed of metallic parts joined to form non-leakable connections between such parts.

In my companion application, filed undeF-even date, there is disclosed, as a new article of manufacture, a milk can composed of a body or shell, top and bottom pieces, and top and bottom rings, and in order that these various parts may be expeditiously and economically assembled a method is involved which insures rapid production and cans better in many now In use.

'In carrying my method into effect the particulars than cans can parts are manipulated materially di1f er' ent from the present practice of assembling can parts, and the steps involved may be briefly considered as follows: 0

First, I provide a can body and top piece; second, the can body is mounted on the top piece with said top piece in an inverted position, mouth down; third, about the contacting ends of the above mentioned can parts a top ring is placed and held n a suitablemold or holder; fourth, internal pres sure is applied to the contacting ends of the can parts to expand the Walls of such parts against the top ring; fifth, the partially formed can is now placed in an upright position on a bottom piece or can part which,

forms the bottomof a can; seventh, a bottom ring is placed about the contacting can body and bottom piece with the bottom ring in a suitable mold or holder; eighth, internal pressure is applied at the contacting walls of the can body and bottom piece to expand such walls against the bottom ring, and ninth, after removing the expanding instrumentality from the can said can is ready for tinning operations.

In order that the above method of assembling the can parts may be used it is necessary to provide an expanding, rolling,

reaming or tinning instrumentality that may placed in the can body and operated therein, and it is furthermore essential that such instrumentality beof a configuration.-

that will permit of it being entered in the can, through the mouth and neck portion thereof, and as readily withdrawn.

With this brief understanding of my invention the various steps-of the method in- 'volved,will be hereinafter more fully described .with reference to the drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a perspective view of a can body or shell prepared to be connected to use of an expansible reamer or other instrumentality, within the can body or shell, for anchoring the abutting can parts relative to the top ring;

Fig. 6 is a similar view of the can parts in an upright position on a bottom piece, with the bottom ring thereabout and in position for a further-operation and Fig. 7 is asimilar view showing the bottom ring being held so that the expansib-le reamer may again be used, within the can, for connecting the bottom parts thereof.

- Considering the .can parts to be assembled and united in accordance with my method, there are a can body or shell 1 having end wall portions 2 and 3; atop piece 4 having a neck 5, a breast 6, an inclined or beveled Wall 7, and a cylindrical wall 8; a concavo-. convexbottom iece 9 having an annular wall 10; a top rlng 11 having a concave innor wall 12, and a bottom ring 13 having a chime or supporting wall 14, an annular shoulder 15 and a concave inner wall 16.

As set forth in the beginning, I place the body or shell 1 on the top piece 5 and apply the'top ring 11 at the juncture of these two parts, and in order 'thatthis may be conveniently accomplished, use a suitable support or holder 17 for the top ring 11 and with the top piece 5 fitted inthe ring the can body or shell 1 can be placed in the ring-with its endwall portion 3 resting on the annular wall 8 of the top piece 5, while the inclined or beveled wall 7 of the top piece will be supported by the top ring 11 to insure perfect alinement of the walls 3 and 8. To place the can parts in this relation may involve other steps than those herein mentioned and assuming that the can parts are so related, as shown in Fig. 4, an

' instrumentality 18 is lowered into the inverted can parts, as shown in Fig. 5, and

brought into action to expand or distend the walls 3 and 8, either by a reaming, rolling 01' peening action. As illustrating a convenient form of tool for this purpose, I show an expansiblerotary reamer including a rotary driven member 19, a reciprocable member 20, expansible jaws 21, expanding or reaming rollers 22, and links or arms 23 articulating the jaws 21 and the rotary member 19. The reamer or instrumentality 18 is adapted to be lowered into the body or shell 1, until the rollers 22 are in the same plane as the top ring 11. Assuming .that the reamer is being revolved the reciprocable member 20 is actuated to distend the jaws 21 and bring the rollers 22 into engagement with the walls 3 and 8. As internal pressure is gradually brought to bear upon the walls 3 and 8, said walls areexpanded or distended to snugly engage the inner concave wall 12 of the ring 11, consequently the walls 3 and 8 become flared and anchor the can parts within the top ring 11. Suflicient pressure is used to cause the walls 3 and 8 to set in the ring 11 with the confronting edges thereof in contact so that these walls are practically a continuation of each other, thus providing a smooth and uninterrupted joint within the top ring 11. By retracting the jaws 21 the reamer or instrumentality 18 can be withdrawn from the can body or shell 1.

Next, I place the partially formed can in an upright position with its end wall portion 2 on the wall 10 of a bottom piece 9, with the bottom ring 13 at the juncture of the walls 2 and 10. In order that this may be conveniently accomplished, the bottom ring 10 is placed in a suitable support or holder 24 with the bottom piece 9 seated on the annular shoulder 15 of the ring 13. The end wall portion 2 can then be placed in the ring 13 on the edges of the wall 10 with the walls 2 and 10 in alinement.

The reamer or instrumentality 18 is again brought into action and with the jaws 21 retracted it is lowered through the neck 5 until the rollers 22 are in the same'plane as the ring 13. If the reamer is not revolving, it is now rotated and the jaws 21 distended to bring the rollers 22 against the walls 2 and 10 and expand or distend said walls until the same intimately contact with the inner concave wall 16 of the ring 113. During this operation the wall 10, at its juncture with its bottom piece 9, is forcibly crowded over on to the shoulder 15 and the bottom piece 9 assumes a position as though a con tinuation of the body or shell 1 with these two parts positively held together by the bottom ring 13. By retracting the jaws 21 the reamer or instrumentality 18 can be raised from within the can and said can is now ready for any tinning operations which it is to receive in order to provide the interior of the can with a smooth and sanitary finish. y

In practice, the parts of the container or receptacle are tinned before being assembled, especially those parts which are placed in intimate relation to form a joint or seam. It is therefore, obvious that when the in terior of the container or receptacle is tinned that such tinning operation practically renders the container or receptacle an integral or homogeneous structure. It is particularly true where seams or joints are welded throughout, in contradistinction to spot welding, and such thorough welding is resorted to wherever it is necessary to add strength and rigidity to parts of the container or receptacle that will be subjected to abuse.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that the above method, in its broadest aspect, involves the uniting of two can parts by subjecting such parts to an internal pressure which will flare or impart a shape to such parts as to cause the same to become anchored in a ring or annulus surrounding said parts at the juncture thereof. This I believe to be new, irrespective of the shape imparted to the adjoining can parts;

whether the metal walls are upset or not,

and irrespective of the vring supports, reamers or other mechanical devices employed to accomplish the connection between the can parts.

What I claim is t 1. A method of assembling and uniting can parts, consisting in placing said parts in superposed abutting relation to form an uninterrupted inner wall, with a ring about the abutting edges of such parts, and then subjecting such parts to an internal pressure to anchor said parts in said ring and fOIfll an uninterrupted smooth interior can wa 2. A method of assembling and uniting can parts, as called for in claim 1, wherein the applied internal pressure causes the can parts to become flared within said ring.

3. A method of assembling and uniting can parts consisting of the following steps, to w1t: first providing a ring having a concave wall; second, mounting a can part in said ring with an edge of the can part between the edges of the ring; third, placing another can partin said ring with the edges of the can part on the edges of the first mentioned can part, and fourth, bringing a rolling, ironing-out pressure to bear on the inner wall of such can parts to cause the edges 1 of said parts to be expanded and joined in on said can parts in a ateral direction causing the confrontin ends of the can parts to be expanded in sai' ring and ironed out into snug abutting relation so that one can part is practically a continuation of the other.

5. A method of uniting three can parts consisting of placin two of the can parts in an end to end a utting relation in the third part, and then subjecting the two can parts to internal. pressure to cause such can parts to become anchored in the third can part and alone form an uninterrupted smooth wall.

6. A method of unitin can parts as called for in claim 5, wherein 51c applied pressure is in a lateral direction causing expansion of the two can parts against the third can part.

7. A method of making a can or a simila receptacle consisting in first providing a body, top and bottom pieces and top and bottom rings; second, assembling the body and top piece in an edge to ed e relation in the top ring; third, uniting t e body, top piece and top ring by internal pressure applied in lateral directions causing the edges of the body and the top piece to be ironed out into. snug abutting relation in the top ring so that the top piece is practically a continuation of the body; fourth, assembling the top equipped bod and the bottom piece in an edge to edge re ation in the bottom ring, and then unlting the top equipped body, bottom piece and bottom ring by internal pressure applied in lateral directions causing the edges of the top equipped body and the bottom piece to be ironed out into snu abutting relation in the bottom ring so that the bottom piece is practically a continuation of the top equippedbody. y

In testimony whereof I aflix m si ature.

GEZA HO V TH. 

